Which group was credited with inventing the recitative? (00:27), It features imitation that goes through all the voices. For example, the texture of the music might be thick or thin, or it may have many or few layers. Due to the increased use of homophony in the baroque period chords became much more significant than they were in the past. __________ is an Italian term that describes moderately fast tempo, The repeated rhythm pattern is part of the accompaniment, The following piece is an example of triple meter. It was generally based on a biblical story and it featured arias, recitatives, ensemble numbers, choruses, and narration. A multi-movement sacred work for soloist and choir intended for a concert performance, A piece for solo instrument or a small group of instruments, A piece that contrasts a solo instrument with an ensemble. A multi-movement sacred work for soloist and choir intended for a concert performance A Baroque sonata is. Singing a specific ______ together with the congregation was a critical part of weekly Lutheran religious services. (00:25), Which of the following composers wrote this symphony? When voice 2 finishes the subject, voice 3 then enters with the subject; when it's done, voice 4 then plays the subject while all the other voices continue to play their own thing. (00:09), The following excerpt represents monophonic texture. Which of the following examples features melismatic singing? (00:31). Pipe organ at St. Germain cathedral in Paris, taken by Grard Janot - Own work, Public Domain. When all of the voices have finished playing the subject, the exposition is over and the music moves into the episode. Which of the following describes the texture and era for this excerpt and which do not? Who composed La favola d'Orfeo, a work that marks the beginning of opera as a major art form? funny ways to say home run grassroots elite basketball Menu . Which best describes this section? As you listen to these pieces, you may think to yourself that these piece sound "old." (True or False), Cozzolani wrote two settings of the ____, a hymn to Mary, the concluding part of the evening office of ____. The proper musical term for decreasing the tempo is __________. When it's done, voice 2 enters with the same melody through imitation, while voice 1 plays a counter-melody called the counter subject. The seventeenth-century system in New England in which church leaders sang each line of a psalm and the congregation repeated the lines back is called: In eighteenth-century New England, a new type of notation called ______________ evolved to help improve solfge instruction. Early baroque music is characterized by frequent use of polyphonic texture. NOTE: Be careful not to confuse the number of musical lines with the number of performers producing the musical lines. Look closely, and you'll see the five lines that we still use today; notes all have stems, although the look like they're written backwards by today's standards. The notation was still different than what we have today, but it was the beginning of what we consider modern notation. Look at the manuscript to the left, and you'll see that it looks like modern music notation, but it also looks very different! (00:52). :28. Types of Musical Textures (00:07), The following excerpt represents monophonic texture. The following excerpt is an example of Renaissance a cappella choral music. Texture, Counterpoint and Instrumentation. The Florentine Camerata A Baroque oratorio is A multi-movement sacred work for soloist and choir intended for a concert performance A Baroque sonata is A piece for solo instrument or a small group of instruments The Baroque concerto is Which of the following important events took place during the Baroque period? 1:54. An ____________ is an orchestral composition performed before the curtain rises on a dramatic work. It can also be found in some classical music, most notably in Baroque vocal music such as cantatas/oratorios. This music excerpt is an example of: (00:31) Polyphonic texture. 1:01, Which statement does NOT apply to the following music example? Where are tempo markings usually written in a music score? Which statement reflects the musical features of the following music example? It contrasts a group of instruments with a solo instrument. Have a look/listen to this example of polyphony O magnum mysterium by Toms Luis de Victoria (1548-1611). Share this post: on Twitter on Facebook on Google+, Ben Dunnett LRSM is the founder of Music Theory Academy. And so not only do the timbres sound different, but the music itself is written using almost a different type of language than modern music! Melody and Accompaniment was used a lot in the Classical period and is also very common in contemporary popular music. While the clavichord was invented in the late Middle Ages (around 1300), the clavichord was invented around the Renaissance period (around 1500s). . Which of the following examples represents secular music? Depending on the size and girth of the pipe, the sound would either be low or high (larger pipes created low pitches, while smaller pipes created higher pitches). Humans can only "fully become" by exploring their inner feelings. During the Baroque period, the musical feature that lent harmonic support to the main melodic line of a composition was called: Who composed La favola dOrfeo, a work that marks the beginning of opera as a major art form? The following excerpt features characteristics of polyphonic texture. Lets start with the simplest musical texture to define and describe monophonic. Early baroque music is characterized by frequent use of polyphonic texture. (00:21). The main melody is sung by the soprano part, whilst the oboe plays and elaborated variation at the same time. Which of the following Italian tempo terms best applies to this selection? You can get your paper edited to read like this. Which of the following important events took place during the Baroque period? It was likely invented in the late Middle Ages (around 1300s) and was used prominently in the Baroque Era (1600-1750). Which of the following important events took place during the Baroque period? However, one effective stylistic use of this grammatical device is to make a vivid, surprising comparison, as when Clarke writes "A few hundred miles was infinity. 1:00, The following musical excerpt is from a recitative. :29. (00:30), The sense of beat in this example is unstressed throughout. The most notable Baroque innovation was the development of "drama through music," which we now call At the time of Monteverdi's opera "The Coronation of Poppea", what type of opera houses were beginning to open in Venice? Summary: Homophony is an important category of musical texture. As musical instruments developed technically, the level of virtuosity rose in the Baroque. The imitation of various voices of texture was common of the baroque period. Rather than water pressure being used to create air pressure, a bellows was used instead. This allows the performer to change sound, and combine a variety of different colors with one another. An oratorio is not intended for religious services. Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.org. :28. The modern pipe organ is many centuries old, and dates back to the 8th century. During the Baroque period, the musical feature that lent harmonic support to the main melodic line of a composition was called: The musical features of the following example suggest that it comes from a/an: In contrast to the Renaissance, where vocal and choral music took center stage, instrumental music established itself as the most significant genre of the Baroque period. Diffusion Let us complete them for you. (00:14), The following music excerpt features: (00:17), A mixture of polyphonic and homophonic textures. 7.1: Early Keyboard Instruments through the Baroque Period is shared under a not declared license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by LibreTexts. (3:11). Monteverdi's vocal music ordinarily was supported by a ____________ and other instruments. The picture to the left is the oldest-discovered hydraulis from the 1st century B.C., and is housed in the Archeological Museum of Dion, Greece. It describes music where several parts or voices are combined together contrapuntally or in counterpoint. Which of the following was not a member of the Five? (00:26), The most salient compositional aspect of the following excerpt is: (00:35). When assessing a client with partial-thickness burns over 60% of the body, which finding should the nurse report immediately? Monk Pond is muchmoreshallowerthan\underline{\text{much more shallower than}}muchmoreshallowerthan Goodman's Lake. Which of the following excerpts is most likely a composition by Paganini? 3:32, Contrasts between a small group of soloists and a larger ensemble, The following selection, sung by Historicus, comes from a well-known __________. Pictured left: harpsichord, by Grard Janot - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0. Which best describes the texture of the first movement of Bach's Cantata 140, Wachet auf? Which of the following was regarded as a leading composer of the Ars Nova style? Anicius Boethius invented a system that made possible the memorization and written transmission of melodies. :39, The following excerpt is most likely from a(n) The opening motive consists of alternative (sixths & fourths/fourths & thirds/sixths and thirds/fifths and thirds) 4. In addition to the manuals, organs also have a keyboard for the feet; performers thus perform on up to 7 different manuals with their hands, as well as a single manual with their feet. Fugues are both a genre of music, and they also contain their form (called "fugue form"). Here is the magic fire leitmotif. Whilst this is technically true, it is a very basic description and we need to try to be a bit more detailed in the language we use to describe texture in music. . A sung piece, or choral work with or without vocal soloists, usually with orchestral accompaniment, is the. Subject is presented in shorter time values. A piece for solo instrument or a small group of instruments The Baroque concerto is. Purcel. The dynamics in this example is best described as: Which statement reflects the musical features of the following music example? Given the atonal nature of this example, which of the following is the most likely composer? Baroque music, a style of music that prevailed during the period from about 1600 to about 1750, known for its grandiose, dramatic, and energetic spirit but also for its stylistic diversity. The Thirty Years' War Which one of the following is not a general characteristic of Romantic music: Compositions were based on logic and controlled feelings. :33, The following musical excerpt is from a recitative. Many composers of the Baroque Period (1600-1750) composed music solely for the organ. (1:38), From a Renaissance composition having its roots in folk songs. 1 - In F major: All concepts, Unity . These instruments were treated not only as musical instruments, but also as beautiful works of visual art, hence the murals painted on the inside of the shells. The descending chords in the strings are (parallel sevenths/parallel ninths/parallel triads/ninths in contrary motion) 5. for interrogative, or exc. The texture has become strictly polyphonic correct incorrect * not completed. Example 1. (00:18) False. For smaller instruments, the performer would pump with their feet or knees to create a vacuum to collect air, and push it through the pipes as they played (you can see a short video of a performer doing there here). Antonn Dvork was inspired by his Hungarian Dance No. - IT IS SUNG FREELY, WITH NO STRONG BEAT The oldest-known hydraulis housed in the Archeological Museum of Dion, Greece. You can specify conditions of storing and accessing cookies in your browser. Pitches of the subject are stated backwards. Work with our consultant to learn what to alter. Heterophony is a less common musical texture, but it is useful to understand it. Which statement most accurately describes the texture of this excerpt The excerpt moves from monophonic to polyphonic to homophonic. According to Monteverdi, what is the difference between prima practica and seconda practica? They may well be singing at different octaves (a little girl in the crowd is going to be singing at a much higher octave than an older man), but it is still a monophonic texture as they are singing in unison. Which statement does NOT apply to the following music example?:20. CC BY-SA 1.0. :39, The following excerpt is most likely from a(n) The following musical excerpt is from a recitative. The independence and equality of concurrent melodic lines, The following excerpt represents polyphonic texture. :21, What is the name of the technique used in the following excerpt? Due to the increased use of homophony in the baroque period chords became much more significant than they were in the past. You can see this clearly from the sheet music: However, if the singing is accompanied by an instrument, a band or an orchestra (as it usually is when a national anthem is being sung at the start of a sports match), or if some singers start to harmonise the melody then the texture becomes more complicated. The dynamics in this example is best described as: Which statement reflects the musical features of the following music example? Rules and logic are less important that the free expression of human feelings. Which of the following is the process of getting oxygen from the environment to the tissues of the body? Label each sentence as dec. for declarative, imp. One characteristic of this excerpt that suggests it might be from the Baroque Period is: It contrasts a group of instruments with a solo instrument. Which of the following is a false statement? Which excerpt most likely represents theme and variations form? The following selection, sung by Historicus, comes from a well-known __________. Then, watch this video of Steven Devine demonstrating the sound of the Clavichord, Watch this video of Jean Rondeau performing J.P. Rameau's, you can see a short video of a performer doing there here, Take a listen to organist Hans-Andre Stamm, performing this famous work that's often associated with Halloween. The ____________ is a Lutheran congregational hymn tune. Which group was credited with inventing the recitative? Many composers of the Baroque Period (1600-1750) composed music solely for the organ. The accompaniment may consist of chords moving together with the melody, or a more elaborate pattern, possibly of broken chords or figurations. For larger instruments, performers would actually need someone to pump a bellows to do it for them! Which one of the following composers style is most closely associated with that of the commercial music world known as Tin Pan Alley? This brings us to our next texture: The definition of homophony comes from the Greek (homo-phonic), literally meaning same-sounding. Which of the following is the process of getting oxygen from the environment to the tissues of the body? He chose the instrumentation of the modern era while using the structural style of the Baroque period. Listen to the following two examples from a piece in rondo form presented in the text. Which excerpt is an example of accelerando? C. King Henry Vlll began to write songs about lost loves and romantic relationship issues. (00:27), Given the Hungarian folk music flavor of this example, which of the following is the most likely composer? Baroque composers often employed which of the following techniques in an attempt to create musical drama? A large-scale composition for chorus, vocal soloists, and orchestra, usually set to a narrative biblical text, is called, Oratorio differs from opera in that it has no, What is a major difference between a cantata and an oratorio. homophony, consonance, triple meter with a brief switch to duple. ____________ refers to a vocal line that imitates the rhythms and pitch fluctuations of speech. The beauty of the organ is that a single performer is able to perform multiple "instruments" at the same time -- a single performer can actually play a symphony by themselves! :47. For the hydraulis, water pressure was used to create pressure for air to escape the pipes. This piece of music is an example of: (3:59), This movement from a piano sonata by Beethoven exemplifies: (4:25), This cello piece exemplifies __________ form. Diffusion Let us complete them for you. During the Baroque period, the musical feature that lent harmonic support to the main melodic line of a composition was called: The musical features of the following example suggest that it comes from a/an: Feel free to get in touch with us via email. How does the villancico by Gaspar Fernandes mix language and imagery? What was one of the major student organizations engaged in organizing protests and demonstrations against the Vietnam War? What element of the musical style of the following piece indicates that it is from the Renaissance period rather than the Medieval period? The sacred text and overall musical style of this example suggests that it is part of a/an: (00:36)`, The following excerpt is dissonant. 1:54. The basso could be a bass instrument within that string orchestra, or it could be a keyboard or plucked string instrument, typical of the Baroque period, such as the harpsichord or theorbo. Contrasts between a small group of soloists and a larger ensemble. (00:13). Please check your email inbox for a confirmation email to access the FREE resources.. we respect your privacy and will never share your email address with 3rd parties. (10:32), Which of the following is the composer for this excerpt? Which of the following examples represents sacred music? (00:18), This music passage is an example of: (00:16). Then, watch this video of Steven Devine demonstrating the sound of the Clavichord, creating a very different and more unique keyboard sound. and which do not? One of the most dramatic turning points in the history of music occurred at the beginning of the 17th century, with Italy leading the way. His name is: Which one of these composers was considered a national hero in his homeland? These instruments all use strings in some capacity, as you'll read below. A multi-movement sacred work for soloist and choir intended for a concert performance, A piece for solo instrument or a small group of instruments, A piece that contrasts a solo instrument with an ensemble.